2019年8月30日 星期五

法蘊足論-21.緣起品-3.識緣名色

5.識緣名色
5.1.解說
1)第一釋
云何識緣名色?謂有一類,貪、瞋、癡俱生識為緣故,起貪、瞋、癡俱生身業、語業,名為色。
3. (vijñānapratyayam nāmarūpaṃ)
lobhasahajaṃ vijñānam alobhasahajaṃ tathā nādikaphalgunavādaṃ (DhskD 5v3) svātir ānanda eva ca / uddānaṃ // vijñānapratyayaṃ nāmarūpaṃ katarad / āha / yathā tāval lobhasahajaṃ vijñānaṃ pratītya lobhasahajasya kāyakarmavākkarmaṇo 'bhinirvṛttir bhavati prādurbhāvaś ca lobhasahajā (DhskD 5v4) vividhā utpadyante rūpi vikṛtaṃ /
即彼所生受、想、行、識,名為名。是名識緣名色。
ya idaṃ rūpasya tajjā vedanā saṃjñā saṃskārā vijñānam idaṃ nāmasya vijñānapratyayaṃ nāmarūpasya / tad ucyate vijñānapratyayaṃ nāmarūpaṃ /

2)第二釋
復有一類,無貪、無瞋、無癡俱生識為緣故,起無貪、無瞋、無癡俱生身業語業,名為色。即彼所生受、想、行、識,名為名。是名識緣名色。
evaṃ lobhasahajaṃ (DhskD 5v5) mohasahajaṃ viparyayeṇa śuklapakṣeṣv alobhasahajam amohasahajaṃ vaktavyaṃ /

3)第三釋
復次,教誨那地迦經中,佛作是說:若那地迦所愛親友,變壞、離散,便生愁、歎、苦、憂、擾惱。
api khalv evam uktaṃ bhagavatā nādikāvavādavyākaraṇe / priyāṇāṃ nādika jñātīnāṃ vipariṇāmānyathībhāvād (DhskD 5v6) utpadyante śokāḥ paridevā duḥkhadaurmanasyopāyāsāḥ /
此愁俱生識為緣故,起愁俱生身業、語業,名為色。
ity etac chokasahajaṃ vijñānaṃ pratītya śokasahajasya kāyavākkarmaṇo 'bhinirvṛttir bhavati prādurbhāvaḥ /
即彼所生受、想、行、識,名為名。是名識緣名色。
yad idaṃ rūpasya tajjā (DhskD 5v7) vedanā saṃjñā saṃskārā vijñānaṃ / idaṃ nāmasya vijñānaṃ vijñānasya pratyayaṃ nāmarūpasya / tad ucyate vijñānapratyayaṃ nāmarūpaṃ /
[參考]雜阿含913經
聚落主!於意云何?彼依父母,若無常、變異者,當起憂、悲、惱、苦不!
聚落主言:如是,世尊!若依父母,無常、變異者,我或隣死,豈唯憂、悲、惱、苦?

4)第四釋
復次,教誨頗勒窶那經中,佛作是說:頗勒窶那!識為食故,後有生起。
api khalv evam uktaṃ bhagavatā phalgunāvavāde vyākaraṇe / vijnānaṃ (DhskD 5v8) phalguna āhāraṃ yāvad evāyatyāṃ punarbhavasyābhinirvṛttaye prādurbhāvāya /
此識云何?謂健達縛最後心,心意識增長、堅住,未斷、未遍知、未滅、未變吐。
tat katarad vijñānaṃ / āha / yat tad gandharvasya caramaṃ cittaṃ manovijñānaṃ ācitam upacitaṃ pratiṣṭhitam aprahatam aparijñātaṃ (DhskD 5v9) anirodhitam aśāntīkṛtaṃ /
此識無間於母胎中,與羯刺藍自體和合。此羯刺藍自體和合,名為色。
yasya vijñānasya samanantaraṃ mātuḥ kukṣau kalalātmabhāvo 'bhisaṃmūrcchati / kalalam ātmabhāvaṃ abhisaṃmūrcchatīti /
即彼所生受、想、行、識,名為名。是名識緣名色。
idaṃ rūpasya tajjā vedanā saṃjñā saṃskārās tajjaṃ (DhskD 5v10) vijñānam idaṃ nāmasya vijñānapratyayaṃ nāmarūpasya / tad ucyate vijñānapratyayaṃ nāmarūpaṃ /
[參考]雜阿含372經
汝應問言:何因緣故有識食?我則答言:能招未來有,令相續生,有有故有六入處,六入處緣觸。

5)第五釋
復次,教誨莎底經中,佛作是說:三事和合,入母胎藏。
asti khalv evam uktaṃ bhagavatā svātiṃ bhikṣuṃ kaivartapūrviṇam ārabhya / trayāṇāṃ bhikṣavaḥ (DhskD 6r1) sannipātān mātuḥ kukṣau garbhasyāvakrāntir bhavati /
云何為三?謂父母和合俱起染心,其母是時調適,及健達縛正現在前。
katameṣāṃ trayāṇāṃ / iha bhikṣavo mātāpitarau raktau bhavataḥ sannipatitau mātā ca kalyā bhavati ṛtumatī gandharvaś ca pratyupasthito (DhskD 6r2) bhavati /
如是三事和合,入母胎藏。
imeṣāṃ bhikṣavas trayāṇāṃ sannipātān mātuḥ kukṣau garbhasyāvakrāntir bhavati /
此中健達縛最後心意識增長、堅住,未斷、未遍知、未滅、未變吐。此識無間入母胎藏。此所託胎,名為色。即彼所生受、想、行、識,名為名。是名識緣名色。
iti yat tad garbhasya caramaṃ cittaṃ manovijñānaṃ vistareṇa yāvad vijñānapratyayayaṃ (DhskD 6r3) nāmarūpasya / tad ucyate vijñānapratyayaṃ nāmarūpaṃ /
[參考]中阿含201經[口*荼]帝經
三事合會,入於母胎,父母聚集一處、母滿精堪耐、香陰已至。此三事合會,入於母胎,母胎或持九月、十月便生。

6)第六釋(長阿含經13,D.15)
復次,大因緣經中,尊者慶喜問佛:名色為有緣不?佛言:有緣,此緣謂識。
asti khalv evam uktaṃ bhagavatā mahānidānaparyāye vyākaraṇe āyuṣmate ānandāya / asti pratyayam ānanda nāmarūpaṃ / (DhskD 6r4) pṛṣṭe sati astīty asya vacanīyaṃ / kiṃ pratyayaṃ ānanda nāmarūpaṃ / vijñānapratyayam iti syād vacanīyaṃ / vijñānapratyayaṃ ānanda nāmarūpaṃ / iti mayā yad uktam (DhskD 6r5) idaṃ me tat pratyuktaṃ /
佛告慶喜:識若不入母胎藏者,名色得成羯刺藍不?阿難陀曰:不也!世尊!
vijñānaṃ ced ānanda mātuḥ kukṣau nāvakramiṣyad api nu nāmarūpaṃ kalalatvaṃ hi saṃmurcchiṣyat* / no bhadanta /
識若不入母胎藏者,名色得生此界中不?不也!世尊!
vijñānaṃ ced ānanda mātuḥ kukṣau nāvakramitvā punar na vyutkramiṣyat* (DhskD 6r6) api nu nāmarūpaṃ imaṃ dhātum āgamiṣyan / no bhadanta /
識若初時已斷壞者,後時名色得增長不?不也!世尊!
vijñānaṃ ced ānandādāv eva daḥram asya taruṇasya kumārakasya ucchidyeta vinaśyeta na bhaveta api nu nāmarūpaṃ virūḍhiṃ (DhskD 6r7) vaipulyatām āpadyeta / no bhadanta /
識若全無,為可施設有名色不?不也!世尊!
sarvaśo vā punaḥ sarvaśa ānanda vijñāne asati na nāmarūpaṃ prajñāyeta / no bhadanta /
是故,慶喜一切名色,皆識為緣,是名識緣名色。
tasmād dhi ānanda etan nidānam eṣa hetuḥ eṣa pratyayo nāmarūpasya (DhskD 6r8) yad uta vijñānaṃ /
如是名色,識為緣,識為依,識為建立故,起、等起,生、等生,聚集、出現,故名識緣名色。
vijñānapratyayam ānanda nāmarūpam / iti mayā yad uktam idaṃ me tat pratyuktaṃ //
[參考]中阿含97大因經
阿難!若有問者:名色有緣耶?當如是答:名色有緣。
若有問者:名色有何緣?當如是答:緣識也。當知所謂緣識有名色。
阿難!若識不入母胎者,有名色成此身耶?答曰:無也。
阿難!若識入胎即出者,名色會精耶?答曰:不會。
阿難!若幼童男、童女、識初斷壞不有者,名色轉增長耶?答曰:不也。
阿難!是故當知是名色因、名色習、名色本、名色緣者,謂此識也。所以者何?緣識故則有名色。