學相應
學有三種，謂增上戒學，增上心學，增上慧學。建立如是三學差別，如聲聞地應知其相(T30，434c)。
聲聞地說：
云何為學？謂三勝學。一、增上戒學；二、增上心學；三、增上慧學。
(tatra
śikṣā katamā / āha / tisraḥ śikṣāḥ / adhiślaṃ śikṣā,
adhicittam adhiprajñaṃ śiksā /)
一、正解三學
（一）辨三學體
１、增上戒學
云何增上戒學？謂安住具戒等，如前廣說。
是名增上戒學。(tatrādhiśīlaṃ
śikṣā katamā / yathāpi tac "chīlavān viharatī"ti
vistareṇa pūrvavat /)
２、增上心學
云何增上心學？((...tatrādhicittaṃ
śikṣā...))
（１）謂離欲惡不善法，有尋有伺，離生喜樂，入初靜慮具足安住，
乃至能入第四靜慮具足安住，是名增上心學。(vivi[']ktaṃ
kāmair viviktaṃ pāpakair akuśalair dharmaiḥ savitarkam,
savicāram, vivekajam, prītisukham prathamaṃ dhyānaṃ yāvac
caturthaṃ dhyānam upasaṃpadya viharati / iyam adhicittaṃ śikṣā
/)
（２）又諸無色，及餘所有等持、等至，亦皆名為增上心學。(api
khalu sarva ārūpyās tadanyāś ca samādhisamāpattayo 'dhicittaṃ
śikṣety ucyate /)
（３）然依靜慮，能最初入聖諦現觀，正性離生，非全遠離一切靜慮能成此事，是故靜慮最為殊勝，故偏說為增上心學。(api
tu dhyānāni niśritya tatprathamataḥ sa[']tyābhisamayo
nyāmāvakrāntir bhavati / na tu sarveṇa sarvaṃ vinā dhyānaiḥ
/ tasmāt pradhānāni dhyānāni kṛtvādhicittaṃ śikṣety
uktāni /)
３、增上慧學
云何增上慧學？謂於四聖諦等，所有如實智見。是名增上慧學。((...tatrādhiprajñaṃ
śikṣā...) yac caturṣv āryasatyeṣu yathābhūtaṃ jñānaṃ
/)
（二）明立三學定數
問：何緣唯有三學，非少、非多？(kena
kāraṇena tisra eva śikṣā (...na tata ūrdhvam...) /)
答：建立定義故，智所依義故，辨所作義故。(āha
/ samā[']dhipratiṣṭhārthena jñānasanniśrayārthena
kṛtyakaraṇārṭhena ca /)
１、建立定義者，謂增上戒學。所以者何？由戒建立心一境性，能令其心觸三摩地。(tatra
samā[']dhipratiṣṭhārthenādhiśīlaṃ śikṣā / tathā hi
śīlaṃ pratiṣṭhāya cittaikāgratāṃ spṛśati
cittasamādhim /)
２、智所依義者，謂增上心學。所以者何？由正定心念一境性，於所知事，有如實智
、如實見轉。(tatra
jñānasanniśrayārthenādhicittaṃ śikṣā / tathā hi
samāhita-cittasyaikāgratāsmṛtyā jñeye vastuni yathābhūtaṃ
jñānadarśanaṃ pravartate /)
３、辨所作義者，謂增上慧學。所以者何？由善清淨若智、若見，能證究竟諸煩惱斷，以煩惱斷，是自義利、是勝所作，過此更無勝所作故。由是因緣，唯有三學。(tatra
kṛtyakaraṇārthenādhiprajñaṃ śikṣā / tathā hi
suviśuddhena jñānadarśa[']nena kleśaprahāṇaṃ sākṣātkaroti
/ eṣa hi svārtha etat paramaṃ kṛtyaṃ yaduta kleśaprahāṇaṃ
tata uttarikarṇīyaṃ punar nāsti / tenaitās tisra eva śikṣāḥ
/)
（三）明三學次第
問：何緣三學如是次第？(kāḥ
punar āsāṃ śikṣāṇām (...ānupūrvī /)
答：先於尸羅善清淨故便無憂悔；(suviśuddhaśīlasya...)[︶]
avipratisāraḥ( /)
無憂悔故歡喜安樂；(avipratisāriṇaḥ
prāmodyam, prītiḥ, praśrabdhiḥ, sukham,)
由有樂故心得正定；(sukhitasya
cittasamādhiḥ)
心得定故能如實知、能如實見；(samāhitacitto
yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti yathābhūtaṃ paśyati)
如實知見故能起厭；(yathābhūtaṃ
jānan paśyan nirvidyate)
厭故離染；(nirviṇṇo
viravyate /)
由離染故便得解脫；(virakto
vimucyate /)
得解脫故證無所作究竟涅槃。
(vimukto
'nupādāya parinirvāti /)
如是最初修習淨戒，漸次進趣，後證無作究竟涅槃。是故三學如是次第。(evam
imāni śīlāni bhāvitāny agratāyām upanayanti / yadutānupādāya
parinirvaṇam / iyam āsāṃ śīkṣāṇām ānupūrvī /)
（四）明三學增上義
問：何緣三學名為增上戒、心、慧耶？(tatra
kena kāraṇenādhiśīlaṃ śikṣā[︶]
adhiśīlam i[']ty ucyate, evam adhicittam adhiprajñam /)
答：１、依所趣及最勝義明增上義
所趣義故、最勝義故，名為增上。(adhikārārthenādhikārthena
ca /)
（１）明所趣義
云何所趣義？(tatra
katham adhikārārthena /)
Ａ、謂為趣增上心而修淨戒，名增上戒學；(adhicittam
adhikṛtya yac chīlaṃ sā[︶]adhiśīlaṃ
śikṣā /)
Ｂ、為趣增上慧而修定心，名增上心學；(adhiprajñam
adhikṛtya yaś cittasamādhiḥ,) sā [︶]
adhicittaṃ śikṣā /)
Ｃ、為趣煩惱斷而修智見，名增上慧學。(kleśaprahāṇam
adhikṛtya yaj (... jñānaṃ darśanaṃ...), sā[︶]
adhiprajñaṃ śikṣā /)
如是名為：所趣義故名為增上。((...evam
adhikārārthena /)
（２）明最勝義
云何最勝義？謂若增上戒學、若增上心學、若增上慧學，唯於聖教獨有此三，不共外道。如是名為：最勝義故名為增上。(katham
adhikārthena / yā cādhiśīlaṃ śikṣā...) yā cādhicittaṃ
yā cādhiprajñaṃ śikṣā[︶]
etāḥ śikṣāḥ[︶]
asminn eva śāsane, asādhāraṇā[︶]
ito bāhyaiḥ / evam adhikārthena /)
２、依引發明增上義
又或有增上心學能引發增上慧學；或有增上慧學能引發增上心學。(asti
punar adhicattaṃ śikṣā yā[︶]adhiprajñaṃ
śikṣāyā āvāhikā, asty adhiprajñaṃ śikṣā yā[︶]
adhicittaṃ śikṣāyā āvāhikā /)
謂聖弟子未得根本靜慮，先學見迹，後為進斷修道所斷一切煩惱，正勤加行修念覺支，乃至修捨覺支，是名增上慧學引發增上心學。(tadyathā
/ āryaśrāvako 'lā[']bhī (...maulānāṃ dhyānānām...),
(..śaikṣo, dṛṣṭapadaḥ...), tataḥ paścād
bhāvanāprahātavyānāṃ kleśānāṃ prahāṇāya prayujyamānaḥ
smṛtisaṃbodhyaṅgaṃ bhāvayati yāvad upekṣā-saṃbodhyaṅgam
/ iyam adhiprajñaṃ śikṣā[︶]
adhicittaṃ śikṣāyā āvāhikā /)
增上心學引發增上慧學者，如前已說。(adhicittaṃ
punaḥ śikṣā adhiprajñāyā āvāhikā pūrvam evoktā /)
３、依具不具明增上義
1、又或有增上戒學，無增上心、無增上慧。(tatrāsty
adhiśīlaṃ śikṣā nādhicittam, nādhiprajñam /)
2、或有增上戒學，亦有增上心，唯無增上慧。(asty
adhiśīlam adhicittam, nādhiprajñam)
3、非有增上慧學而無增上戒及無增上心，是故若有增上慧學，當知必定具足三學。(na
tv asty adhiprajñaṃ śikṣā yā vinādhiśīlenādhicittena ca /
ato yatrādhiprajñaṃ śikṣā tatra tisraḥ śikṣā veditavyāḥ
/)
於此建立三種學中，諸瑜伽師當勤修學。(idaṃ
tāvac chikṣāvyavasthānaṃ tatra yoginā yonaprayuktena
śikṣitavyam)
